Bioformulación de Trichoderma harzianum en sustrato sólido y efectos de su aplicación sobre plantas de pimiento

For the use of biofertilizers for horticultural farmers the formulation has to be economical, of easy application andhas to guarantee the efficiency of the inoculum. Our objective was to select a substrate for device Trichodermaharzianum Rifai and evaluate its effect on pepper (Capsicum annum L.) plants. The development of fungalbiomass and sporulation was evaluated on 4 organic supports: rice, wheat bran, peat, wheat bran + peat (1:1 v/v),which were separately inoculated with T. harzianum (1 mL 1 x 108 conidia / 1250 cm3 incubated at 25°C). Themixture of bran+peat showed the highest fungal colonization and sporulation 5 days after inoculation (DAI). Thebest viability preservation of conidia of the bioformulate was maintained between 4oC and 25oC during 15 DAI,while at 35oC and 40oC the viability was significantly reduced (80%). The highest formation of chlamydosporeswas determined at 4°C (76% at 35% DAI), with a reduction towards of about 40-50% at 25°C and 35°C. Fourstrains were bioformulated in the bran+peat support and all increased pepper plant growth at 45 DAI. The FCCT16 strain increased aerial development and photosynthetic capacity by more than 100%. The strains FCCT 199-2and FCCT 363-2 favored mainly root development. It is suggested as a promising and economic vehicle, theformulation of strains of Trichoderma in the bran+peat support, whose activity and properties can be maintainedthrough the formation of chlamydospores in a range of temperatures and conservation time commonly usedamong horticultural farmers.