Procedures of Designing the Territorial System of Ecological Stability
2019
The chapter is the core part of the publication. The methodical procedure of TSES has several specific features as compared to other ecological networks. TSES in Slovakia focuses not only on the traditional frame of the ecological networks—as biocentres and biocorridors—but also on the proposal of whole-territory covering ecostabilisation measures, thus moving the ideas of ecological networks towards integrated management of optimum organisation and utilisation of the landscape as a whole. The methodical process consists five basic steps as analyses, syntheses, interpretations, evaluations and propositions. Analyses deal with all structures of landscape, namely with primary (abiotic), secondary (biotic–anthropic) and tertiary (socio-economic) structures, with specific regards to the real biota. The most important result of syntheses is the definition of potential representative geoecosystems for each model territory. The interpretations are oriented to definition of selective, localisation and realisation criteria for creation of ecological network, with specific emphasis on the interpretation of the ecological quality of the landscape structure. The evaluations are concerned with the definition of the suitability of geoecosystems to fulfil the functions of biocentres, biocorridors and interactive elements. The results of TSES are formulated in propositions which have several steps as:
Delineation of frame of TSES: biocentres, biocorridors and interactive elements;
Proposal of multifunctional ecostabilising measures, which should improve the spatial ecological stability and the environmental quality of the landscape as a whole. They are:
Location of new ecostabilising elements: groups and belts of multifunctional vegetation aimed to improvement of overall ecological spatial stability of the landscape, water retention, decrease of run-off, erosion and pollution,
Ecologically optimal land use of agricultural landscape: agrotechnical, agrochemical and agroameliorative proposals,
Measures for forest management: increase of diversity, revitalisation, considerate forestry techniques,
Measures within urbanised areas: improvement of the green infrastructure,
Elimination of stress factors, e.g. revitalisation of devastated areas, reduction of barrier effects.
These “physical” proposals are completed by realisation measures, as proposals for legal protection of the TSES elements, passportisation of TSES elements and, as the final result, the formation of regulations for spatial planning procedures.
By combination of all groups of actions, the TSES becomes a whole-space covering tool for ecologisation of sectoral planning processes, as well as for integrated landscape management.
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