Identification of CD137- and CD137L-Expressing Cells in EL-4 Tumor.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) contains noncancerous cells such as various types of immune cells and fibroblasts. Cancer cells direct these stromal cells to create a microenvironment favorable for tumor growth and intercellular interactions have a critical role in this process. In established tumors, interactions between CD137 and its ligand (CD137L) contribute to tumor immune evasion and tumor growth. Therefore, it is important to identify cells expressing CD137 and CD137L within tumors. In this chapter, we will introduce a simple, powerful method of analyzing CD137- and CD137L-expressing tumor cells using Fluorescence-activated cell sorting.