Translating Socioeconomic Status Between Nonhuman Primate and Human Studies in Health Research

We discuss theoretical considerations for the development of appropriate animal models of socioeconomic status (SES) to study its effect on health and development, with an emphasis on the literature on non-human primates. Existing evidence supports the proposition that early childhood adversity has long-term health implications. Experimental research on the effectiveness of social policy interventions provides the gold standard of evidence but is difficult to obtain using humans. Animal models may play a role in generating a mechanistic evidence base, but researchers need appropriate models of SES. Focusing specifically on the potential for translation between animal and human models, we define SES conceptually and outline its links to health. We then note demonstrated areas of equivalence and potential limits. We conclude with promising open questions for which answers would hold great utility.