Impact of social distancing on persons with sensory loss during COVID-19 pandemic

Recent mandates for social distancing due to the COVID-19 pandemic have had significant effects on the lives of older persons. Social distancing might have unequal effects on the lives of people with hearing impairment and vision impairment, possibly affecting their emotional well-being. We remotely surveyed 55 persons between the ages of 57–80 years (13 who were legally blind, 24 with significant hearing loss, and 18 healthy controls.) Initial surveys took place in April as shutdowns were mandated; these included current and retrospective responses concerning pre-pandemic conditions. Subsequent surveys of current experiences were conducted approximately monthly. Survey items included: number of weekly in-person and electronic interactions, satisfaction with access to communication, worry/concern levels, and effects of physical distancing and mask wearing on communication and stress. We noted an initial substantial reduction of in-person interactions for all groups, remaining low throughout. While remote electronic communications increased initially, electronic interactions for persons with sensory loss remained steady over time and for some these even decreased. Persons with hearing loss reported significant communication challenges due to mask wearing; persons with vision loss reported significant loss of connection due to physical distancing. Results show both widespread effects and specific effects on those with sensory loss.