Search for thermal X-ray features from the Crab nebula with the Hitomi soft X-ray spectrometer
2018
The Crab nebula originated from a core-collapse supernova (SN) explosion
observed in 1054 A.D. When viewed as a supernova remnant (SNR), it has
an anomalously low observed ejecta mass and kinetic energy for an
Fe-core collapse SN. Intensive searches were made for a massive shell
that solves this discrepancy, but none has been detected. An alternative
idea is that the SN1054 is an electron-capture (EC) explosion with a
lower explosion energy by an order of magnitude than Fe-core collapse
SNe. In the X-rays, imaging searches were performed for the plasma
emission from the shell in the Crab outskirts to set a stringent upper
limit to the X-ray emitting mass. However, the extreme brightness of the
source hampers access to its vicinity. We thus employed spectroscopic
technique using the X-ray micro-calorimeter onboard the Hitomi
satellite. By exploiting its superb energy resolution, we set an upper
limit for emission or absorption features from yet undetected thermal
plasma in the 2-12 keV range. We also re-evaluated the existing Chandra
and XMM-Newton data. By assembling these results, a new upper limit was
obtained for the X-ray plasma mass of
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