Reconstruction of palaeolandscaps of Ukraine during MIS 20-12 according to palaeontological methods data

The palaeolandscaps reconstruction and changes in the boundaries of the physicogeographical countries and zones of Ukraine during the end of Early and the fi rst half of Middle Pleistocene are examined. The section spans from MIS 20 to MIS 12, time interval 430–800 kyr and includefi ve stratigraphic units. This study is based on palynological, microtheriological, malacological analyzes and literature data. Our results support signifi cant changes, which can be associated with the cold and warm stages, but this study demonstrates that the surface and boundaries of the Pleistocene biostratigraphic units do not always coincide with the surface of the climatostratigraphic subunits identifi ed on the basis of palaeogeographic reconstructions.