Recent advances in the interaction between gut microbiota/metabolites and host lipid metabolism

In recent years, the study of gut microbiota and host lipid metabolism has received widespread attention. Firstly, the diversity and compositions of gut microbiota are significantly altered in animal models of lipodystrophia or human clinical trials, and the host lipid metabolism can also be regulated by reshaping the gut microbiota compositions using fecal bacteria transplantation, probiotics, and nutritional interventions. In this paper, we discussed the link between gut microbes and host metabolism, and summarized the studies focusing on the mechanisms of lipid metabolism regulated by gut microbes: short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, amino acids, endotoxin and microbial rhythms, in order to provide targets for nutritional intervention in lipid dysmetabolism-caused diseases.