Estrategias de reducción de metano basadas en la genética y manipulación dietética de rumiantes: una revisión

The aim of this review was to analyze published data on ruminant management practices that mitigate enteric methane (CH4) emissions. Recent studies on the effects of feeding and breeding on CH4 production are discussed. This review was prepared on the basis of the available literature describing extensive and intensive management conditions. The current approaches in relation to future options to reduce enteric CH4 emission are discussed. The review is divided into four sections (Feed intake and breeding, Animal management, Dietary manipulation, and Concentrates). Methane emissions from ruminant systems can be lowered by selecting animals with a low residual feed intake. The digestive physiology of ruminants result in different CH4 production. It can be noted that the increase in dairy cow productivity results in a decrease in CH4 emission per kg milk. Selection and breeding ruminant with low emissions per unit feed intake reduce CH4 emissions. The ruminal digestion varies according to diet composition and quality. Methane production can be reduced by feeding high protein or low-fiber rations, specifically by feeding more concentrates. The proportion of the concentrate in the diet and the source of the grain influence CH4 production in ruminants.