Cenozoic “radiobarite” occurrences in the Ohře (Eger) Rift, Bohemian Massif: Mineralogical and geochemical revision

Abstract Barite occurrences related to the Cenozoic (Late Alpine) low-temperature hydrothermal activity are present in the continental Ohře (Eger) Rift area. A specific, Ra-bearing type of barite has been known under the name “radiobarite” from this area since 1904. Revision of 12 localities revealed the presence of alleged radiobarite only in the Teplice (Lahosť–Jenikov) and Karlovy Vary areas. Barite from other localities is radium-poor. Barite crystals showing concentric oscillation colour zoning totally prevail. Isomorphous substitution of Sr ( X ×10 −1 to X ×wt%), Ca ( X ×10 −2  wt%) and Fe ( X ×10 −1  wt%) for Ba was proved. Average SrO contents of 0.4 wt% are markedly exceeded in some samples from Lahosť–Jenikov (max. 3.2 wt%) and Karlovy Vary (max. 4.9 wt%). Besides inclusions of stoichiometric iron disulphide, the same samples also contain iron disulphides with unusual high contents of Co (max. 12.2 wt%) and Ni (max. to 8.4 wt%). Specific activity of 238 U in the studied barites is very low while that of 226 Ra reaches 8 Bq/g in several samples. Therefore, 226 Ra is not in equilibrium with its parent uranium. These “radiobarites” or their parts must be therefore relatively young, not older than 10–15 ka. Very low uranium contents ( Unit-cell dimensions refined from X-ray powder diffraction data do not show any systematic variation with the measured chemical composition. Their values agree with the data given in the literature. Reflection half-widths, however, seem to correlate with chemistry. Peaks are wider in samples from Lahosť–Jenikov and Karlovy Vary. Sulphur and oxygen stable isotope compositions of the Cenozoic barite mineralization of Teplice area are very uniform ( δ 34 S values between 3.9‰ and 7.1‰ CDT, and δ 18 O values between 6.1‰ and 7.7‰ SMOW), while the barites of Děc˘in area show more variable sulphur sources. Sulphate derived from sediments of the Tertiary Most Basin seems to dominate for the Teplice area, while Cretaceous sediments are a more probable sulphur source in the Děc˘in area. Calculation of oxygen isotope composition of hydrothermal fluids based on fluid inclusion homogenization temperatures and barite δ 18 O data shows δ 18 O fluid values in the range of meteoric waters or δ 18 O – shifted deep circulating meteoric or basinal waters.