Estrés y deterioro cognitivo en pacientes con diagnóstico de esquizofrenia

espanolEl presente es un estudio no experimental, transversal y correlacional, cuyo objetivo era determinar si existe relacion entre estres y deterioro cognitivo en personas con diagnostico de esquizofrenia, confirmar si la depresion y las estrategias de afrontamiento del estres se relacionan y si son factores moderadores de la relacion entre estres y deterioro cognitivo, mediante la evaluacion y descripcion del estres percibido (PSS), estrategias de afrontamiento del estres (CSI), depresion (CDSS) y deterioro cognitivo (MoCA), en una muestra de 43 pacientes con diagnostico de esquizofrenia (36 hombres y 7 mujeres) entre los 16 y 65 anos, de Bucaramanga y Medellin (Colombia), seleccionados mediante muestreo no probabilistico por conveniencia. Se encontro que el grupo presenta niveles medios de estres percibido y puntuaciones medias y bajas en estrategias de afrontamiento adecuadas e inadecuadas, casi la mitad presenta riesgo de comorbilidad con depresion y la mayoria presenta deterioro cognitivo. No se encontro relacion entre deterioro cognitivo con las demas variables. Estres se relaciona significativamente con depresion y con estrategias de afrontamiento expresion emocional, retirada social y autocritica. Finalmente, depresion correlaciono significativamente con estrategias de afrontamiento expresion emocional y retirada social. Aunque estos hallazgos no pueden ser concluyentes ni generalizables debido a limitaciones metodologicas, pueden ser usados como antecedente para futuros estudios. EnglishThe present is a non-experimental, cross-sectional and correlational study, whose objective was to determine if there is a relationship between stress and cognitive impairment in people diagnosed with schizophrenia, to confirm whether depression and coping strategies are related and if they are moderating factors of the relationship between stress and cognitive impairment, through the evaluation and description of perceived stress (PSS), stress coping strategies (CSI), depression (CDSS) and cognitive impairment (MoCA), in a sample of 43 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia (36 men and 7 women) between 16 and 65 years old, from Bucaramanga and Medellin (Colombia), selected by non-probabilistic for convenience sampling. It was found that the group in average presents a medium level of perceived stress, and average and low scores in appropriate and inadequate coping strategies, almost half presents risk of comorbidity with depression, and most of them present cognitive impairment. No relationship was found between cognitive impairment with the other variables. Stress is significantly related to depression and coping strategies as emotional expression, social withdrawal and self-criticism. Finally, depression correlated significantly with coping strategies as emotional expression and social withdrawal. Although these findings cannot be conclusive or generalizable due to methodological limitations, they can be used as a precedent for future studies.