Continuous manufacturing as an enabling tool with green credentials in early-phase pharmaceutical chemistry

Abstract The paper outlines the application of continuous manufacturing to hazardous chemistries, with particular application to early-phase pharmaceutical chemistry. Three case studies are shared with a view to highlighting the factors which render continuous flow setups a suitable tool for minimizing risk within exothermic and unstable chemistries. In each case the evolution of the chemical process from gram scale in discovery chemistry to kilogram scale in process development is detailed, with emphasis on thermal safety and general health and safety considerations. Process intensification, risk reduction and improved yield are highlighted, supporting continuous manufacturing as an enabling tool in line with green principles.