Nitrile hydratases in synthesis

The application of nitrile hydratases (NHases) as a catalyst in organic synthesis is reviewed. NHases are best known for their industrial application in the production of acrylamide and nicotinamide on a multi-ton scale. However, the enzyme potentially has more to offer than the hydration of these relatively unchallenging achiral nitriles. A broader and more frequent application of NHases is possible if solutions are found to some of the limitations that are, until now, inherent to these enzymes. Recent developments that are aimed at overcoming these limitations are also discussed.