Fault Seal Analysis Using Well and Seismic Data

In areas with an active tectonic past, the analysis of the sealing properties of faults is an important aspect both for the understanding of HC migration pathways from the source rock into the trap and for the evaluation of the internal trap structure and integrity. We present a workflow, which utilizes the whole amount of well and seismic information to evaluate the key factors on which the fault seal properties depend. Our approach includes detailed structural interpretation using special seismic attributes, restoration of the tectonic history, mapping of indications of vertical fluid migration from seismic data. We also create a detailed 3D lithological model based on the results of seismic inversion, from which attributes like Juxtaposition and SGR can be extracted. The advanced use of the seismic data makes the workflow also applicable in areas with sparse well control. The presented workflow helps to mitigate the risk at each stage of the E&P process. It results in a more realistic understanding of reserves distribution and hydrocarbon retention in faulted traps, including the potential allocation of additional reserves in undrained blocks. It should also lead to a better planning of the number and location of wells to be drilled.