Anesthetic in urine as biological index of exposure in operating-room personnel.

The aim of this study was to determine if a relationship existed between some inhalation anesthetics airborne exposure levels (Cl) and the concentration of anesthetics in samples of urine produced throughout the exposure time (Cu. The concentrations of nitrous oxide (N2O), halothane (fluothane), enflurane (ethrane), and isoflurane (forane) in the ambient atmosphere were determined in 190 operating theaters of 41 hospitals in Italy. Nitrous oxide, halothane, enflurane and isoflurane were detected in the urine of 1521 exposed subjects (anesthetists, surgeons, and nurses). The environmental measurements were performed using personal passive samplers, and the biological measurements were performed using the head space method. Significant correlations were found between the anesthetics concentration in urine produced during the shift collected after a 4‐h exposure (Cu, μg/L) and anesthetics environmental concentration (C1, ppm). The results show that the urinary anesthetic concentration can be used as an appro...