Probiotic Zado® (Ruminococcus Flavefaciens) boosts hematology, immune, serum proteins, and growth profiles in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Abstract Probiotics application in aquaculture could be a key solution to enhance the overall immune and growth indicators of cultured fish. Several bacteria have demonstrated encouraging results as probiotics for fish. The current study evaluated the possible effects of Zado® (Ruminococcus Flavefaciens 28 × 104 CFU) dietary incorporation at 1 and 2 g/kg diet for 6-weeks on growth, hematological profile, immune performance, the biochemical, and anti-oxidative profiles of Oreochromis niloticus. Sampling was performed at the end of the third and sixth week. Fish fed with Zado® enriched diets showed (P