Evidence of Non-sporadic Distribution of Campylobacteriosis Cases in New Zealand
2007
A significant increase in the rate of campylobacteriosis cases in New
Zealand was observed during May and June 2006. To characterise the
observed increase in reported campylobacteriosis cases 112 Campylobacter
isolates [C. jejuni (n = 107), C. coli (n = 5)] were obtained from
eight different health districts spanning New Zealand. The isolates were
examined using Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST), Pulsed-field gel
electrophoresis (PFGE) and Penner Serotyping. Distinct clusters
(n = 16) of Campylobacter isolates from multiple health districts,
with identical MLST, PFGE (KpnI and SmaI) and Penner serotypes
were identified. Two dominant sequence types (ST) ST-474 (n = ) and
ST-190 (n = 18) were observed, representing 44.6% of all isolates
examined. The distribution of ST-474 and ST-190 was not localised to
one health district but were spread over eight health districts, on both
the North and South Islands. The spatial pattern of genotypes within
the given timeframe, combined with the generalised increase in
notifications throughout New Zealand is consistent with a common
source epidemic. The epidemic arose from an unidentified source
contaminated with the dominant sequence types ST474 and ST190,
however the clinical isolates with the dominant sequence types may
also represent widely distributed stable clones in New Zealand.
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