Ceramic-Reinforced Polymers: CAD/CAM Hybrid Restorative Materials

Newly developed ceramic-reinforced polymers CAD/CAM restorative materials (CRP) represent a viable esthetic material for dental restorations. They can be classified into polymer-infiltrated ceramic (PIC) and resin nano-ceramic (RNC). This review article analyzes the latest scientific findings on wear, fatigue resistance, bonding mechanisms, fracture resistance, and esthetic properties. The literature shows that fatigue resistance of ceramic-reinforced polymers appears to be adequate to survive the masticatory forces. PIC and RNC CAD/CAM blocks have similar fracture toughness, but lower than that of ceramic-based CAD/CAM blocks. The roughness of polished different ceramic-reinforced polymers is comparable; however, aging increases the surface roughness significantly. Different CRPs require a dedicated surface treatment; nonetheless, PIC and RNC are able to attain high bond strengths. The esthetic properties of CRPs are clinically acceptable. Ceramic-reinforced polymers appear to be an ideal material for minimally invasive restorations.