Simultaneous impact of hybrid nano and dust particles on enhancement of heat transfer in fluid with micro-rotation and thermal memory effects

Abstract Simultaneous influence of thermal memory, micro-rotation, nanoparticles and dust particles are modeled using two-phase-conservation laws. The governing set of models is made dimensionless and expressions for skin friction, couple stress and heat flux are derived. Finite element method (FEM) is implemented for simulations purpose. Particles rotation has significantly impacted translational motion. Vortex effects are responsible in enhancing micro-rotations. However, this enhancement in micro-rotation field associated with mono-nano dusty fluid has received more impact rather than hybrid nanofluid. Thermal relaxation parameter characterizes memory effects in fluid due to which fluid restores its thermal equilibrium state. The fluid having viscoelastic rheology has this characteristics and such fluid offers resistance to momentum and thermal changes and tries to continue momentum and thermal equilibrium state.