LightGBM-based Ransomware Detection using API Call Sequences

Along with the development of technology as well as the explosion in digital data in the era of fourth industrial revolution, cyberattacks using ransomware are emerging as a serious threat to many agencies and organizations. The harm of ransomware is not limited to the areas of information technology and finance but also affects areas related to people's lives, such as the medical field. Therefore, research to identify and detect these types of malicious code is urgent. this paper present a novel approach of identifying and classifying ransomware based on dynamic analysis techniques combined with the use of machine learning algorithms. First, this research focused on the Application programming interface (API) call functions that are extracted during a dynamic analysis of executable samples using the Cuckoo sandbox. Second, research used LightGBM, a gradient boosting decision tree algorithm, for training and then detecting and classifying normal software and eight different types of ransomware. Experimental results showed that the proposed approach achieves an overall accuracy rate of 98.7% when performing multiclass classification. In particular, the detection rates of ransomware and normalware were both 99.9%. At the same time, the accuracy in identifying two specific types of ransomware, WannaCry and Win32:FileCoder, reached 100%.