Socioeconomic Status and Outcomes in Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction From Asia.

BACKGROUND Little is known regarding the impact of socioeconomic factors on the use of evidence-based therapies and outcomes in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction across Asia. METHODS We investigated the association of both patient-level (household income, education levels) and country-level (regional income level by World Bank classification, income disparity by Gini index) socioeconomic indicators on use of guideline-directed therapy and clinical outcomes (composite of 1-year mortality or HF hospitalization, quality of life) in the prospective multinational ASIAN-HF study (Asian Sudden Cardiac Death in Heart Failure). RESULTS Among 4540 patients (mean age: 60±13 years, 23% women) with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, 39% lived in low-income regions; 34% in regions with high-income disparity (Gini ≥42.8%); 64.4% had low monthly household income (

Keywords:

• Social class
• Lower risk
• Ejection fraction
• Quality of life
• Primary education
• Demography
• Socioeconomic status
• Medicine
• Household income
• Heart failure

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