Research on weighted scale-free topology with balancing energy consumption characteristics in wireless sensor networks

Due to the energy limitation in nodes in the wireless sensor networks, the problem whether the node energy consumption is balanced becomes a primary one in the design of networks. Through building the node lifetime model, we conclude that the node lifetime is affected by the node residual energy and the communication distance. Additionally, both ends of the node lifetime are introduced as the influencing factors on edge weights. And then through the edge weight the node weight is controlled, so that the weighted scale-free topology with energy consumption balanced characteristics is obtained. Finally, theoretical proof shows that the distribution of the node weight, the edge weight, and the node degree all obey the power-law distribution. Simulation results show that this model has the good fault tolerance characteristics that the scale-free topology can have. And it also has obvious advantages in balancing the network energy consumption and prolonging the network lifetime.