TOWARDSCOGNITIVE MACHINES: MULTISCALEMEASURESANDANALYSIS

microelectronics tonanotechnology, (vii) fromlarge passive Numerous attempts arebeing madetodevelop machinessensors toverysmall smart active sensors[Solo99], (viii) thatcouldactnotonlyautonomously, butalsoinan fromlocal computing todistributed computing andnetworkincreasingly intelligent andcognitive manner.Such widecomputing, (vii) fromtraditional videoconferencing to cognitive machines ought tobeawareoftheir environments telepresence (e.g., WearTel andEyeTap [MannO2]), (viii) whichinclude notonlyother machines, butalsohuman frommachines thatrequire attention (like apalmtop ora beings. Suchmachines ought tounderstand themeaning of wristwatch computer) tothose that haveaconstant online information inmorehuman-like waysby groundingconnectivity thatdrops belowtheconscious levelof knowledge inthephysical worldandinthemachines' own awareness ofusers(like autonomic computers [GaCoO3], goals. Themotivation fordeveloping suchmachines range[IBM06], andeyeglass-based systems [MannO2], [HaKoOl]), fromself-evidenced practical reasons suchastheexpense of (ix) fromcrisp-logic-based computers tofuzzy orneurofuzzy computer maintenance, towearable computing inhealth care,computers [PeGo98], aswellas(x)fromcontrol-driven andgaining a better understanding ofthecognitive (imperative) systems tocognitive systems suchascognitive capabilities ofthehumanbrain. radio [HaykO5a], cognitive radar [HaykO6], active audition Toachieve suchanambitious goalrequires solutions to [HaChO5], andcognitive robots. Theseremarkable shifts manyproblems, ranging fromhumanperception, attention, havebeennecessitated bythesystem complexity which now concept creation, cognition, consciousness, executive exceeds ourability tomaintain them[GaCoO3], whilebeing processes guided byemotions andvalue, andsymbiotic facilitated bynewdevelopments intechnology, intelligent conversational human-machine interactions. Animportant signal processing, andmachine learning [HPSM06]. component ofthiscognitive machine research includes Sincethe1950s,philosophers, mathematicians, multiscale measures andanalysis. physicists, cognitive scientists, neuroscientists, computer Thispaper presents definitions ofcognitive machines, scientists, andcomputer engineers havedebated thequestion representations ofprocesses, aswellastheir measurements ofwhatcould constitute digital sentience (i. e.,theability to measures andanalysis. Itprovides examples fromcurrentfeel orperceive intheabsence ofthought andinner speech), research, including cognitive radio, cognitive radar, and aswellasmachine consciousness orartificial consciousness cognitive monitors.