Purification Technologies of Bioreactor Landfill Gas and Its Sustainable Usage: Current Status and Perspectives

Bioreactor landfill (BRLF) has turned into one of the promising treatment technologies of municipal solid waste management (MSWM) globally, mostly in developing countries. A potential amount of landfill gas is produced which is collected, stored and upgraded into biomethane for further utilization of bioreactor landfill gas (BRLFG). This biogas is not only resembled for eco-friendly procedure for instantaneous production of renewable energy but also established a sustainable approach to waste to energy process. Commercialization of BRLFG with high efficiency requires an appropriate upgrading and purification treatment process which includes also the energy value of off-gas. The current practices for biogas upgradation involve high operational expenses, high energy exhaustive and limited business opportunities for biogas. The present work therefore is focused on the available methodologies for purification and upgradation of BRLFG and enrichment particularly concentrated on the promising biomethanation processes. This work contains a complete explanation of different biogas purification and improvement techniques, and their consequences are associated with the biomethanation efficiency, utilization challenges, cost analysis, impacts, sustainability and feasibility of these improvement conceptions of landfill gas. This present study illustrates a general discussion on the future perspectives for conquering the issues and challenges related to the purification technologies which may be beneficial for the policymakers, environmentalists, stockholders for the betterment of an integrated solid waste management and sustainable development.