Neolignans and other metabolites from Ocotea cymosa from the Madagascar rain forest and their biological activities.

Ten new neolignans including the 6′-oxo-8.1′-lignans cymosalignans A (1a), B (2), and C (3), an 8.O.6′-neolignan (4a), ococymosin (5a), didymochlaenone C (6a), and the bicyclo[3.2.1]octanoids 7–10 were isolated along with the known compounds 3,4,5,3′,5′-pentamethoxy-1′-allyl-8.O.4′-neolignan, 3,4,5,3′-tetramethoxy-1′-allyl-8.O.4′-neolignan, didymochlaenone B, virologin B, ocobullenone, and the unusual 2′-oxo-8.1′-lignan sibyllenone from the stems or bark of the Madagascan plant Ocotea cymosa. The new 8.O.6′-neolignan 4a, dihydrobenzofuranoid 5a, and the bicyclo[3.2.1]octanoid 7a had in vitro activity against Aedes aegypti, while the new compounds 5a, 7a, 8, and 10a and the known virolongin B (4b) and ocobullenone (10b) had antiplasmodial activity. We report herein the structure elucidation of the new compounds on the basis of spectroscopic evidence, including 1D and 2D NMR spectra, electronic circular dichroism, and mass spectrometry, and the biological activities of the new and known compounds.