Lipopolysaccharide induces endothelial cell apoptosis via activation of Na+/H+ exchanger 1 and calpain-dependent degradation of Bcl-2

Abstract The calcium-dependent protease calpain is involved in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endothelial injury. The activation of Na + /H + exchanger (NHE) is responsible to increase intracellular Ca 2+ ( Ca i 2 + ) in cardiovascular diseases. Here we hypothesized that activation of NHE mediates LPS-induced endothelial cell apoptosis via calcium-dependent calpain pathway. Our results revealed that LPS-induced increases in NHE activity are dependent on NHE1 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Treatment of HUVECs with LPS increased the NHE1 activity in a time-dependent manner associated with the increased Ca i 2 + , which resulted in enhanced calpain activity as well as HUVECs apoptosis via NHE1-dependent degradation of Bcl-2.