Photocatalytic and biological activities of undoped and doped TiO2 prepared by Green method for water treatment

Abstract The present study reports an eco-friendly, rapid and easy method for the synthesis of TiO2, C-doped TiO2(C-TiO2), S-doped TiO2 (S-TiO2) and C, S co-doped TiO2(C, S-TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) via Eichhornia aqueous extract using the sol-gel method. The prepared samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, FTIR, EDX, XPS, Photoluminescence (PL), photoelectric current (PEC) and UV-vis absorption techniques. Under visible lamination, the synthesized NPs have a great photocatalytic activity for the degradation of the Reactive Blue 19(RB19) and the Reactive Red 76 (RR76) organic dyes pollutant present in textile wastewater. The C-TiO2 showed the highest photocatalytic efficiency. The degradation of RB19 and RR76 dyes were studied via applying of different experimental conditions such as pH, amount of catalyst, dye concentration, shaking speed, and irradiation time as well as the recover possibility of catalyst. Under optimum conditions, the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of the C-TiO2 sample for textile wastewater, containing RB 19 and RR 76 dyes, attained 100% after 1 h reaction time with catalyst dose 0.08 g and pH 1. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) values were investigated before treatment and after irradiation treatment. Marine aquatic organisms’ rotifer, artemia, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus were used to study biological effects and Toxicity of resultant degraded material form the irradiation treatment of RB 19 and RR 76 dyes in wastewater.