Load modeling techniques in distribution networks: a review

Accurate power system models are necessary in order to decrease power system operational doubts, Perfect models of different complexity for generators, lines and transformers are available today, whereas load models are still confirmed challenging. The increase in penetration of renewable energy and wide application of power electronic devices as well as participation of active customers in distribution systems make traditional methods of load modeling absolute. Accurate load modeling is required to address the new challenges evolving in the task of power system planning, control and stability studies. It is also an interest of power system researchers globally to realize Smart Networks (SNs), in which accurate load models are required. This paper presents a critical review of load modeling and identification techniques from traditional methods and approaches to the state of art in the area. In addition, gaps in the literature as well as research directions are also pointed out.