Patrones de frecuencias en 100 marcadores informativos de ancestría entre dos etnias indígenas y dos poblaciones mestizas de Colombia

Colombia is the second country with the largest number of amerindian ethnic groups on the continent thanks to its geographical location and that it is located in the Northwest of the South American continent, it had to have been a corridor for theAmerindian migrations. But due to the Amerindian, European and African mix, which occurred in different proportions throughout the country, there were changes in population dynamics. Objective: an indigenous sample from two ethnic groups - Pijao and Nasa Paez, was molecularly characterized - and another sample of unrelated mestizo individuals from Tolima; to identify heterozygosity, allelic frequencies and Fst distances, by analyzing 100 informative markers of ancestry (autosomal SNPs). Methodology: To carry out this study, DNA was obtained from blood samples taken in indigenous and mestizo people from the aforementioned regions, to typify 100 autosomal SNPs or ancestry informative markers (AIMs). Results: Heterozygous (Het) analyzes showed that low values were presented in the Nasa (0,181) and Pijaos (0,250) indigenous ethnic groups, while those of Planadas (0,402) and Ibague (0,415) presented high values. Analyzes performed globally showed that Tolimapopulations are less heterozygous than ancestral populations. Conclusions: The Nasa native population is the one with the greatest conservation of the ancestral native variation reflected with the heterozygous analyzes and has a greater genetic distance concerning the mestizo populations.