Biomass poly-generation comprehensive utilization method and device

The invention relates to a biomass poly-generation comprehensive utilization method and device. The method comprises the steps of: naturally drying and roughly crushing biomass materials, then carrying out microwave heating and cracking in a microwave pyrolysis chamber, introducing thermal gas (tar) and solid semicoke which are generated by microwave heating and cracking into a microwave reforming chamber, and further carrying out microwave heating and reforming on the thermal gas (tar) to convert the thermal gas (tar) into synthesis gas under the catalytic reaction of the semicoke; activating and regenerating the semicoke after catalysis and reforming, and then sending to the microwave reforming chamber for continuous catalytic reaction. In the invention, directional conversion from biomass to synthesis gas is realized by means of microwave radiation, the semicoke generated by pyrolysis is used as a reforming catalyst, two technologies of microwave pyrolysis and microwave reforming are integrated, and the semicoke can be activated and regenerated for recycling under microwave radiation. The semicoke that is not suitable for recycling can also be returned to field directly or in the form of a compound fertilizer after being mixed with fertilizer to improve soil carbon sink and enhance soil fertility. Compared with other processes, the method has the advantage of high synthesis gas conversion rate improved by about 10%; the prepared synthesis gas has wide applications and can be used for synthesizing chemical products such as ammonia, dimethyl ether, fertilizer and the like. The method can realize the resource poly-generation comprehensive utilization of biomass.