Prevention and control of invaded plant Phytolacca americana in sandy coastal shelter forests

The invasion of Phytolacca americana has produced serious damage to the coastal shelter forests in China.In order to search for the effective measures for controlling the growth of P.americana,several plots in the Robinia pseudoacacia forest invaded by P.Americana to the relatively same extent were installed,and the measures of physical control(mowing and root cutting) and chemical control(spraying herbicides) were adopted to control the invasion of P.Americana,taking the site with good growth of Amorpha fruticosa in the forest and without any control measures as the comparison.The results showed that mowing could rapidly decrease the growth of P.americana in the same year,but the growth recovered in the next year.1/3 root cutting only reduced the aboveground growth of P.americana in the same year,and the growth was recovered in the third year;while 2/3 root cutting and whole cutting could effectively cleanup the P.americana plants all the time.Spraying quizalofop-p-ethyl and paraquat only killed the aboveground part of P.americana in the same year,but this part of P.americana recovered to the normal level in the next year;while spraying 45 g·L-1 of glyphosate could completely kill the whole P.americana plants till the third year.The growth of P.americana at the site with good growth of A.fruticosa and without any control measures maintained at a low level all the time,suggesting that planting A.fruticosa in R.pseudoacacia forest would be an effective approach to prevent and control the P.americana invasion.