Choroidal Blood Flow Decreases with Age: An MRI Study

Purpose: To verify that a visual fixation protocol with cued eye blinks achieves sufficient stability for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) blood-flow measurements and to determine if choroidal blood flow (ChBF) changes with age in humans. Methods: The visual fixation stability achievable during an MRI scan was measured in five normal subjects using an eye-tracking camera outside the MRI scanner. Subjects were instructed to blink immediately after recorded MRI sound cues but to otherwise maintain stable visual fixation on a small target. Using this fixation protocol, ChBF was measured with MRI using a 3 Tesla clinical scanner in 17 normal subjects (24–68 years old). Arterial and intraocular pressures (IOP) were measured to calculate perfusion pressure in the same subjects. Results: The mean temporal fluctuations (standard deviation) of the horizontal and vertical displacements were 29 ± 9mm and 38 ± 11mm within individual fixation periods, and 50 ± 34mm and 48 ± 19mm across different fixation periods. The absolute displacements were 67 ± 31mm and 81 ± 26mm. ChBF was negatively correlated with age (R = � 0.7, p = 0.003), declining 2.7 ml/100 ml/min per year. There were no significant correlations between ChBF versus perfusion pressure, arterial pressure, or IOP. There were also no significant correlations between age versus perfusion pressure, arterial pressure, or IOP. Multiple regression analysis indicated that age was the only measured independent variable that was significantly correlated with ChBF (p = 0.03). Conclusions: The visual fixation protocol with cued eye blinks was effective in achieving sufficient stability for MRI measurements. ChBF had a significant negative correlation with age.