Dancing and Days Out: The Role of Social Events in British Women's Trade Unionism in the Early Twentieth Century

The failure of the Potters' Joint-Stock Emigration Society (1844–51) and its founder, William Evans, to transform the lives of North Staffordshire pottery workers by relieving the industry of surplus labour has long been acknowledged. This article investigates the Society's reputation through its treatment by historians from different traditions. Labour historians, beginning with the Webbs, have been particularly hostile to Evans's scheme, seeing it as subversive of trade unionism and working-class interests in general. Historians of emigration, on the other hand, while accepting the serious mistakes made in the Society's planning and execution, have been more sympathetic to its intent and more attentive to settlement outcomes. Other historians have investigated Evans's intellectual roots and, in recent scholarship, linked the Society he founded to broader strands of mid-nineteenth-century land reform. The article discusses the Society's positive reputation among contemporary observers, suggests contexts ...