Other Hypokinetic Parkinsonian Syndromes

Atypical hypokinetic movement disorders are a heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative diseases which include multiple system atrophy (MSA), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and corticobasal degeneration (CBD). The histopathological classification of these diseases is based on the presence of alpha-synuclein inclusions or tau-positive aggregates. These clinical entities share several clinical features with Parkinson’s disease; therefore, a proper differential diagnosis is important in order to establish a correct therapeutic approach. Neuroimaging techniques are helpful diagnostic tools in addition to clinical findings to perform a correct assessment and diagnosis of atypical parkinsonisms. In this article, we will describe and review new advances in neuroimaging techniques for atypical hypokinetic movement disorders.