Mechanical properties and durability performance against fire, gamma ray and bio-fouling of hardened Portland cement pastes incorporating lead bearing wastes

Abstract Lead bearing glass waste (LGW) is a harmful waste produced from glass finishing industry. LGW was ground and utilized as alternative substitution for ordinary Portland cement (OPC). OPC-LGW hardened pastes were fabricated by replacement OPC by 0, 5, 10, 20 and 30% LGW then hydrated under tap water for 90 days. The performance of hardened OPC-LGW pastes was studied in various deterioration actions such as: shielding of γ-ray, firing up to 800 °C, attack by sulfate ions and cement bio-fouling behaviors. Microstructure and phase compositions of the developed hydrates were explored using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The obtained consequences showed that, up to 20% replacement of OPC by LGW, there was an improvement in mechanical properties after 28 and 90 days of hydrations. Also, there was a boosted in the thermal stability up to 800 °C as well as an improvement in γ-rays shielding compared to neat OPC. Besides, OPC-LGW hardened pastes showed high resistivity to attack by SO4−2 ions and biofilm formation.