Capturing Miner and Mining Pool Decisions In A Bitcoin Blockchain Network: A Two-Layer Simulation Model

Motivated by the growing interests in Bitcoin blockchain technology, we build a Monte-Carlo simulation model to study the miners’ and mining pool managers’ decisions in the Bitcoin blockchain network. Our simulation model aims to capture the dynamics of participants of these two different parties and how their decisions collectively affect the system dynamics. Given the limited amount of monetary budget and mining power capacity, individual miners decide on which mining pools to join and determine how much hashing power to invest. Mining pool managers need to determine how to appropriately allocate the mining reward and how to adjust the membership fee. In addition to the aforementioned miner and pool behavior, we also characterize the system-level dynamics of the blockchain in terms of mining difficulty level and total hashing power.