Levantamento etnobotânico de plantas medicinais em duas comunidades da região serrana do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.

The use of medicinal plants is a widespread practice worldwide and among rural populations in Brazil. The recovery of past cultures knowledge and incorporation of new practices concerning plant uses have enabled the revaluation of ethnobotany in many regions of Brazil, paving the way for harnessing and conservation of ecosystems. The present work aims a quantitative and qualitative analysis of medicinal plant species uses within the traditional knowledge from the communities of Galdinopolis and Rio Bonito. There was used the methodologies: Direct Observation, "snowball", free walking and NMDS sorting method. Eighteen informants were interviewed. The plants mentioned were collected, herborized and deposited in the National Museum Herbarium. There were recognized 186 medicinal species belonging to 66 botanical families. The indications for the digestive system were the most expressive (20%), followed by indications for respiratory system (15%), urinary system (10%) and nervous system (8%). The qualitative and quantitative analyzes of traditional knowledge in the studied communities were complementary for the construction of an ethnographic portrait about the use of medicinal plants in both communities, thus valuing the sociobiodiversity and generating subsidies for public actions that refer to the National Policy of Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapics.