Betaine Reduces Serum Uric Acid Levels and Improves Kidney Function in Hyperuricemic Mice
2013
Betaine as a dietary alkaloid has attracted the attention of patients with
kidney diseases. This study aimed to investigate the effects of betaine on
serum uric acid levels and kidney function, and explore their underlying
mechanisms in potassium oxonate-induced hyperuricemic mice. Betaine at 5,
10, 20, and 40 mg/kg was orally administered to hyperuricemic mice for 7
days and found to significantly reduce serum uric acid levels and increase
fractional excretion of uric acid in hyperuricemic mice in a dose-dependent
manner. It effectively restored renal protein level alterations of urate
transport-related molecular proteins urate transporter 1, glucose
transporter 9, organic anion transporter 1, and ATP-binding cassette
subfamily G member 2 in this model, possibly resulting in the enhancement of
kidney urate excretion. Moreover, betaine reduced serum creatinine and blood
urea nitrogen levels and affected urinary levels of beta-2-microglobulin and
N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase as well as upregulated renal protein levels
of organic cation/carnitine transporters OCT1, OCTN1, and OCTN2, resulting
in kidney function improvement in hyperuricemic mice. The findings from this
study provide evidence that betaine has anti-hyperuricemic and
nephroprotective actions by regulating protein levels of these renal organic
ion transporters in hyperuricemic mice.
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