Electromagnetic behavior of lap-joints for fusion magnet system

Abstract The joint between superconducting Cable-In-Conduit-Conductors (CICC) is a key technology in a magnetic confinement fusion apparatus. Several hundreds of joints are involved in one apparatus generally. DC resistance of the lap-joint is typically designed less than several n-ohms and the allowable joule loss is several watts. AC loss due to external magnetic field is also limited to less than several watts. Reduction of the AC loss and low joint resistance are required simultaneously and those are conflicting trade-off. The lap-joint had been examined under both self-field and external-transverse-field experimentally. In this study, we established a numerical model for the joint and analyzed for electromagnetic behavior of it numerically. In the simulation, modeling of contact resistances between twisted strands is important. Circuit constants, e.g., conductance between strands, were determined to reproduce the experimental results; those are the circuit constants and the DC joint resistance. The relation between the joint resistance and the AC loss was discussed. Constitution of the joint does not only influence on the joint resistance and the AC loss but also current distribution in the cable. Non-uniform current distribution among the strands is reported to result in the degradation of the stability. We successfully simulated mentioned phenomena and found our numerical model was useful in joint design to find a good compromise.