Novel characteristics of the cultured Lumpfish Cyclopterus lumpus eye during post-hatch larval and juvenile developmental stages
2019
The lumpfish Cyclopterus lumpus (C. lumpus), superorder teleostei, is an ocean
fish that relies on healthy vision in the wild and in culture to see and eat prey or feed.
Although the use of C. lumpus in aquaculture is growing and there is reason to believe
that this fish can be used as a model system for visual research, the visual system of post
hatch developing C. lumpus has not been studied in detail. To that end, we systematically
analyzed the characteristics of the C. lumpus eye and retina during cultured post hatch
developmental stages. Post hatch developing cultured C. lumpus eye and retinal tissues
share a number of features typically conserved in other teleost fish. However, cultured C.
lumpus possess some novel ocular and retinal features different from previous
descriptions of other teleosts, including a prominent retractor lentis pigmented tissue
closely associated with the vascular rete mirabile, peripherally located lobes of separate
retinal tissue containing proliferative cells, extensive tapetum material of varying
thickness, prominent fundus stripes and an elongated rod-shaped optic nerve stalk, all
observed through gross observation, histology, fundus imaging and spectral domain
optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) retinal imaging. . Immunohistochemical
staining using alpha smooth muscle actin and proliferating cell nuclear antigen revealed
that post hatch developing cultured C. lumpus also developmentally regulate a protein
homologous to alpha smooth muscle actin in strikingly dense continuous bands in the
plexiform layers of the retina. The novel features of the eye and retina of cultured C.
lumpus described here could contribute to our understanding of fitness and survival of C.
lumpus in a widely ranging habitat and have implications in human visual health and
disease.
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