Gold nanospheres saturable absorber for 1.93 μm passively Q-switched laser generation

High-quality gold nanospheres (Au NPs) were transferred to a sapphire substrate. The balanced twin-detector measurement technique was used to study the saturable absorption properties of the Au NPs. With the as-prepared Au NPs as a saturable absorber (SA), an efficient passively Q-switched laser was realized at 1.93  μm. Under an absorbed pump power of 4.5 W, a maximum output power of 400 mW was obtained with the shortest pulse width of 410 ns and repetition rate of 126 kHz. The results indicate that Au NPs are promising candidates as SAs for mid-infrared laser pulse generation.