The roles of bacteria in the biochemical changes of chill-stored bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis): Proteins degradation, biogenic amines accumulation, volatiles production, and nucleotides catabolism

Abstract This study investigated the biochemical changes (proteins degradation, total volatile basic nitrogen, biogenic amines, volatile organic compounds, nucleotides catabolism and related enzymes) of bighead carp samples inoculated with four different bacteria ( Shewanella putrefaciens , Aeromonas sobria , Acinetobacter bohemicus , and Pseudomonas helmanticensis ) during storage at 4 ± 1 °C. A. sobria exhibited the strongest proteolytic activity. A. sobria , P. helmanticensis , and S. putrefaciens were responsible for putrescine production, whereas S. putrefaciens was the sole producer of cadaverine. Alcohols and S-compounds were mainly released by A. sobria and S. putrefaciens , respectively. The fastest degradation rates of hypoxanthine riboside and hypoxanthine were found in samples inoculated with P. helmanticensis and S. putrefaciens . Inosine nucleosidase was mainly resulted by A. sobria , P. helmanticensis and S. putrefaciens , whereas xanthine oxidase was derived from both fish muscle and secretions of P. helmanticensis and S. putrefaciens .