Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of dibutyltin complexes derived from pyridoxamine and salicylaldehydes

The synthesis of monomeric pentacoordinated diorganotin complexes derived from pyridoxamine dihydrochloride and substituted salicylaldehydes is described. The complexes were characterized using UV/Vis, IR, MS, as well as 1H, 13C, and 119Sn NMR techniques; the molecular structure of the 1e complex was established by X-ray diffraction, which showed a distorted trigonal bipyramidal geometry, in which the basal plane is defined by the butyl groups and the azomethine nitrogen atom, whereas the oxygen atoms from the aromatic ring occupy axial positions. The cytotoxic activity of the complexes against human cell lines U-251 (glioblastoma), PC-3 (prostate), K-562 (chronic myelogenous leukemia), HCT-15 (human colorectal), MCF-7 (human breast), SKLU-1 (non-small cell lung), and MDA-MB-251 (human breast) was evaluated, and the inhibitory percentage values indicated higher activities than the reference standard, cis-platin, and non-cytotoxic activity was observed in culture of mononuclear cells from peripheral blood on healthy Wistar rats. Oral toxicity studies were performed by the OECD test guide line 423 and reveals that LD50 of complexes 1a, 1b, 1c–1g is in the range of 200–300 mg/Kg body weight and can be classified under category 3, the complexes 1c and 1h resulted to be the less toxic.