Changes in Organic Participatory Guarantee Systems (PGS) in Northern Vietnam

Organic Participatory Guarantee Systems (PGS) may be on important contribution to Organic 3.0. The way that PGS systems are managed can be a major determinant of their success. In Northern Vietnam differing management of PGS systems can determine their level of social and ecological success, as well as the impressions of farmers and retailers. Nevertheless, more farmers’ groups are turning to individual management and this may have negative consequences for the future of PGS in the region.