Karate Efficiency and the Development of Some Anthropological Features among 7th and 8th Grade Pupils in Elementary School/Efikasnost karatea u funkciji razvoja nekih antropoloških obilježja učenika 7. i 8. razreda osnovne škole

Abstract The aim of this research is to identify significant anthropological factors important for success in a karate fight by which we may obtain some information on the complexity of karate in the latent structure significant in the application of karate as a sport in education, and as part of curricular and extracurricular activities. For this purpose, we applied a set of 18 anthropometrical measures, a set of 10 basic motor tests, a set of 5 situation-related motor karate tests, a set of 8 performance marks in 6 basic karate techniques and 2 karate kata on the sample of 105 pupils aged 13-15 who, in addition to their physical education classes, have been engaged in karate training for at least 4 years. By factor analyses in the morphological domain, we isolated the ecto-mesomorphy factor and endomorphy factor; in the basic motor domain we isolated the factor of general motor efficiency; in the situation-related motor domain we isolated the factor of specific speed and the factor of specific agility and in the domain of karate techniques performance marks, we isolated the factor of technical efficiency. Further on, by applying canonical discriminant analyses we established differences between quality and less quality pupils - all active karate athletes in the complete domain of isolated factors. The discriminant function showed that karate athletes of higher quality, compared to those of lower quality, mostly differ in greater technical efficiency, followed by greater basic and specific motor efficiency, in addition to having some less adipose tissue. Key words: biomotor status; differences; factors; karate; physical education. --- Sažetak Cilj istraživanja je identificirati znacajne antropoloske faktore važne za uspjeh u karate borbi, cime se mogu dobiti informacije o kompleksnosti karatea u latentnoj strukturi važnoj za primjenu karate sporta u edukaciji, putem izvanskolskih i skolskih aktivnosti. Zato je na uzorku od 105 ucenika RH koji se uz nastavu TZK najmanje 4 godine bave karateom, uzrasne dobi od 13 do 15 godina, primijenjen skup od 18 antropometrijskih mjera, skup od 10 temeljnih motorickih testova, skup od 5 situacijskih motorickih testova iz karatea, skup od 8 ocjena izvedbe 6 osnovnih karate tehnika i 2 karate kate. Faktorska analiza je izolirala u morfoloskom prostoru: faktor ekto-mezomorfije i faktor endomorfije; u temeljnom motorickom prostoru: faktor generalne motoricke efikasnosti; u situacijskom motorickom prostoru: faktor specificne brzine i faktor specificne agilnosti; i u prostoru ocjena izvedbe karate tehnika: faktor tehnicke efikasnosti. Zatim su primjenom kanonicke diskriminativne analize utvrđene razlike između kvalitetnih i manje kvalitetnih ucenika – aktivnih karatista u ukupnom prostoru izoliranih faktora. Diskriminativna je funkcija pokazala kako se karatisti vece kvalitete u odnosu na karatiste manje kvalitetne najvise razlikuju u vecoj tehnickoj efikasnosti, zatim u vecoj temeljnoj i specificnoj motorickoj efikasnosti i koji imaju nesto manje masnog tkiva. Key words: biomotoricki status; karate; faktori; razlike; tjelesna i zdravstvena kultura.