RECRP: A Reliable Energy-Efficient Cross-Layer Routing Protocol in UWSNs

A reliable energy-efficient routing protocol plays a key role in data collection and transmission. Due to specific challenges of UWSNs, such as long propagation delay, topology changing, limited energy and communication void. we propose RECRP, a Reliable Energy-efficient Cross-layer Routing Protocol. RECRP is a location-free single-copy protocol. No extra hardware for localization is required which saves cost and redundant packets are not needed which reduce overhead. We propose a conservative optimal Max-Min model to ensure two-hop packet delivery rate and energy balance, dynamically control transmit power and channel frequency with help of information from PHY layer (such as Doppler scale measurement, RSSI) to select next hop. We also use a surface to bottom routing establishment method to handle communication void. RECRP is expected to achieve higher delivery rate, more energy efficient compared to DBR, HH-VBF.