Subarray Based Coherent Pulsed-LFM Frequency Diverse Arrayfor Range Resolution Enhancement

Coherent frequency diverse array (FDA) can provide the full spatial illumination with a stable transmit gain by employing a single frequency-shifted waveform. However, the authors find that the range resolution is scaled linearly with the number of elements. In this work, the problem is first quantitatively analysed through mathematical derivation. To solve the issue, a subarray-based coherent FDA transmitting pulsed linear frequency modulation signals is proposed. The essence of the subaperture technique is to partition the transmit antenna array into multiple regular or irregular subarrays, wherein an identical carrier frequency is utilised in each subarray. Meanwhile, distinct carrier frequencies are adopted between subarrays. Moreover, the multi-dimensional ambiguity function is studied to assess the properties including the range resolution, spatial coverage and sidelobe level. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach has superiorities in range resolution enhancement and range sidelobe reduction.