Scanning Electron Microscopic Study on Bone and Microvasculature Surrounding Titanium Implants.

The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between the shape of screw-type titanium dental implants and bone formation. Implants were installed in experimental animals under simulated clinical conditions, and microvascular casts were prepared utilizing the plastic injection method described by Ohta, et al. Then, three-dimensional chronological changes in the microvasculature and bone formation during the bone healing process in the peri-implant tissues were observed using scanning electron and light microscopes.New bone formation around the implant began in the body and proceeded towards the apical portion, while little change was observed around the flange during the experimental period. Newly formed blood capillaries were observed along the threads surrounding the body of the implant, and later, the implant was surrounded by new bone. Around the apical portion, the vertical cutout was filled with new bone at a relatively early stage.These results suggest that the shape of the threaded implant is suitable for gaining initial stabilization, receiving occlusal loads, and resisting rotation.