Sidewall quantum wires on GaAs(001) substrates.

We study the structural, optical, and transport properties of sidewall quantum wires on GaAs(001) substrates. The QWRs are grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) on GaAs(001) substrates prepatterned with shallow ridges. They form as a consequence of material accumulation on the sidewalls of the ridges during the overgrowth of a quantum well (QW) on the patterned surface. The QWRs are approximately 200 nm-wide and have emission energies red-shifted by 27meV with respect to the surrounding QW. Spatially resolved spectroscopic photoluminencence studies indicate that the QW thickness reduces around the QWRs, thus creating a 4 meV energy barrier for the transfer of carriers from the QW to the QWR. We show that the QWRs act as efficient channels for the transport of optically excited electrons and holes over tens of {\mu}m by a high-frequency surface acoustic wave (SAW). These results demonstrate the feasibility of efficient ambipolar transport in QWRs with sub-micrometer dimensions, photolithographically defined on GaAs substrates.