Wireless quantization index modulation: Enabling communication through existing signals

As the number of IoT devices continue to exponentially increase and saturate the wireless spectrum, there is a dire need for additional spectrum to support large networks of wireless devices. Over the past years, many promising solutions have been proposed but they all suffer from the drawback of new infrastructure costs, setup and maintenance, or are difficult to implement due to FCC regulations. In this paper, we propose a novel Wireless Quantization Index Modulation (QIM) technique which uses existing infrastructure to embed information into existing wireless signals to communicate with IoT devices with negligible impact on the original signal and zero spectrum overhead. We explore the design space for wireless QIM and evaluate the performance of embedding information in TV, FM and AM radio broadcast signals under different conditions. We demonstrate that we can embed messages at up to 8–200 kbps with negligible impact on the audio and video quality of the original FM, AM and TV signals respectively.